Comenzamos el curso y los maestros de Pedagogía Terapéutica hacemos malabares para que nuestros horarios cuadren y a poder ser, para que este curso, por fin, entremos más horas en las aulas ordinarias.
Pero antes de comenzar con este tetris de hora, me gustaría hacer una reflexión sobre cómo deben ser nuestras aulas y cómo poco a poco podemos ir cambiando los conceptos, para que en vez de ser “aulas de apoyo” sean “aulas inclusivas”.
4 claves aula de apoyo vs aula inclusiva
1º Los apoyos en el aula ordinaria
En un aula de apoyo es el alumno el que suele salir de su aula ordinaria para recibir una atención individualizada; sin embargo en un aula inclusiva el profesor de apoyo a la inclusión entra al aula ordinaria para apoyar al alumno. Pero va más allá, no solo está pendiente de los alumnos/as ACNEAE, sino de todo el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje que ocurre en esa clase, para poder así colaborar y trabajar con el tutor o maestro de área y ser así un segundo maestro. Por tanto nuestro espacio físico de aula puede ser cambiante.
2º Los materiales pueden usarlos todos
Normalmente nuestras aulas de apoyo están llenas de materiales específicos, elaborados con mucho cariño por nosotros. Son usados por nuestros alumnos ACNEAE dentro de nuestra aula. Desde mi punto de vista, en un aula inclusiva los materiales específicos pueden ser usados por más alumnos y en otros contextos. Por tanto pueden usarse en las aulas ordinarias, generando espacios de trabajo colaborativos o rincones de aprendizaje. así se benefician todos. En este sentido podríamos ver el espacio físico de nuestra aula, cuatro paredes, como un centro de recursos del cual todos se puedan beneficiar.
3º Programaciones inclusivas
Cuando comenzamos el curso, los PTs buscamos actividades y tareas para nuestros alumnos de NEAE. Los PTs programamos y al final nos tenemos una batería de actividades y tareas para hacer de forma individual y/o en pequeño grupo. Sin embargo las tareas y actividades las podemos programar dentro del contexto del aula ordinaria junto con el tutor, basándonos en tareas multinivel y atendiendo al Diseño Universal de Aprendizaje, es decir, trabajar de forma conjunta en la realización de unidades didácticas inclusivas.
4º La atención a la diversidad y la inclusión es de todos
En muchas ocasiones hablamos de los alumnos de PT señalando sin darnos cuenta que los alumnos con necesidades específicas de apoyo educativo son como si formaran parte de una tutoría del aula de apoyo. En un aula inclusiva, por ende, en un centro inclusivo, los alumnos con NEAE son uno más, pertenecientes a toda la comunidad educativa y responsabilidad de todos los agentes que trabajamos con ellos. Para ello existen formulas como la co-tutoría que beneficia a todas las partes.
¿Qué os parece? ¿estamos más cerca de tener espacios inclusivos?
Espero vuestros comentarios y opiniones al respecto
Como madre con uno de sus hijos con necesidades especiales veo tristemente que en la educación pública (al menos donde yo vivo), la inclusión es una utopía. Las aulas TEA no deberían de existir…. tendría que haber un apoyo por cada niño con NE. En nuestro caso, el niño iba de cabeza a un colegio de educación especial (que no tengo nada en contra de ellos y no sé si en un futuro tendremos que llegar a él), pero sopesamos ‘invertir’ en su educación. Lleva desd ele lunes acudiendo a su centro, allí le espera su apoyo y a lo largo de estos días ha estado conociendo el entorno y ha coincidido con sus compis en el patio, mañana tienen previsto meterle ya en clase…. esa es la manera que nosotros vemos de qué haya una inclusión real, sino es un parche para el que lo pueda sobrellevar. En nuestro caso nuestro hijo a día de hoy si necesita un apoyo constante. Quién sabe el día de mañana!!!.
¡Hola! Estoy de acuerdo con todas las claves que comentas. Hace tiempo hice esa reflexión en una entrada titulada “kit del maestro especialista en inclusión”. En el blog comparto herramientas, documentos y programaciones multinivel que utilizo para llevar a cabo las inclusiones “de verdad”. Te dejo la dirección por si puede interesarte. http://www.cristinamayl.wordpress.com.
Gracias por compartir estas reflexiones con nosotros.
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